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Agricultural emissions represent an important and understudied part of Earth’s land and atmosphere systems. The FarmFlux mission will deploy more than a dozen sensors to measure ozone, methane, ammonia, particulates, and other pollutants rising from agricultural lands and animal farms and the interaction with the Earth’s atmosphere. The mission is jointly led by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; Colorado State University; and Boston University.
The Colorado deployment is the first series of flights for the FarmFlux mission. Additional low-altitude research flights are scheduled over farmland in Amarillo, Texas, from late October to early November. For the March to July 2027 growing season, research flights with a NASA P-3 Orion aircraft are scheduled in the Midwest and California’s Central Valley with a focus on croplands.
For more information about the FarmFlux mission, visit:
https://espo.nasa.gov/farmflux
By Sharon Teitelbaum
NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley
2026-09-23 18:43

NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope captured this image of massive galaxy cluster MACS J0417 (left of center) on Sept. 19, 2026. This galaxy cluster acts as a gravitational lens, bending and magnifying light from objects far behind it. Supernova Athena, discovered by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope in 2025, is predicted to reappear between now and early March 2027. Measuring the timing of Athena’s reappearances can help researchers map the mass of MACS J0417, which acts as a magnifying, foreground lens for distant objects, and refine our understanding of the expansion rate of the universe.
Hubble also completed its 200,000th orbit around Earth on Sept. 19, marking another new milestone for an observatory that continues to transform our understanding of the universe.
Read more about Hubble and this recent milestone.
Image credit: NASA, ESA, STScI, M. Pascale (UCLA); Image Processing: J. DePasquale (STScI)
2026-09-23 17:15
Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum extent on Sept. 12, according to NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) at the University of Colorado Boulder. The ice covered an estimated 1.78 million square miles (4.6 million square kilometers), tying 2008, 2010, and 2025 for the 10th-lowest minimum in the satellite record.
The 2026 minimum is consistent with patterns observed in the satellite record. The past 20 years, from 2007 through 2026, have produced the 20 lowest annual Arctic sea ice minimum extents observed since continuous satellite measurements began in late 1978.
Arctic sea ice grows during the dark, cold autumn and winter and retreats as temperatures rise during spring and summer, typically reaching its lowest extent in September. Weather conditions can cause substantial differences in the amount of ice that melts from one summer to another.
Over the last decade, for example, increased cloud cover has prevented solar radiation from further accelerating the melt of sea ice, according to Linette Boisvert, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
That has contributed to relatively stable September sea ice extent in recent years. “We’ve plateaued, but we’re still low relative to the earlier part of the record,” said Walt Meier, a senior research scientist at NSIDC.
Antarctic sea ice extent approaches annual maximum
At the opposite end of the planet, Antarctic sea ice is approaching its annual maximum following a fluctuation during August.
Sea ice around Antarctica declined by roughly 116,000 square miles (300,000 square kilometers) over a six-day period before resuming its seasonal growth. Meier said the decline appeared to be associated with weather conditions that pushed and compacted the thin, mobile ice near its outer edge.
“Those types of things happen all the time,” Meier said. “But the magnitude of it certainly is unusual.”
Antarctic sea ice varies more from year to year than Arctic sea ice because, in contrast to the Arctic, it is not surrounded by land and can respond more freely to changing wind and weather conditions. But Antarctic sea ice extent at its annual maximum has generally been lower in recent years. Because of this large year-to-year variability, Boisvert and Meier remain cautious about characterizing the change as a long-term trend.
Scientists have tracked polar sea ice from space for nearly five decades. During that time, NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) used a series of satellite instruments to maintain a continuous sea ice record, beginning with NASA’s Nimbus-7 satellite, which began observations in October 1978. The record continued with instruments aboard Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites beginning in 1987 and NASA’s Aqua satellite from 2002 to 2011. Today, scientists continue the record using data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), launched in 2012 aboard JAXA’s (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) GCOM-W satellite.
Antarctic sea ice typically reaches its annual maximum in late September or early October. NASA and NSIDC will announce the 2026 maximum after scientists confirm that seasonal ice growth has ended.
Media contact: Elizabeth Vlock
NASA Headquarters
2026-09-23 16:03
Three days before returning to Earth, Shannon W. Lucid—who joined NASA in 1978 as one of its first six female astronauts—checked in on wheat growing in the Svet greenhouse aboard the Russian space station Mir. For six months, Lucid lived and worked alongside two Russian cosmonauts conducting life science studies and other experiments in microgravity.
Lucid returned to Earth aboard space shuttle Atlantis on Sept. 26, 1996, completing a 188-day mission—a new record for both a woman and for an American. Lessons from her time on Mir helped NASA prepare for the psychological and cultural challenges of long-duration missions on the International Space Station.
In December 1996, President Bill Clinton awarded Shannon Lucid the Congressional Space Medal of Honor for her achievement. She was the tenth person and the first woman to receive this award.
After her mission on Mir, Lucid continued to serve NASA in key roles on the ground. She worked as a CAPCOM in Mission Control, where she was the primary voice communicating with astronauts in orbit. Later, she served as NASA’s Chief Scientist, helping guide the agency’s science priorities. Lucid retired from NASA in 2012 after a career that spanned more than three decades.
2026-09-23 14:58
FFA 2026
Join NASA in the Exhibit Hall (Booth #648) for Hyperwall Storytelling by NASA experts. Full Hyperwall Agenda below.
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 20
| 10:00 AM | NISAR Updates, One Year After Launch | Paul Rosen, Marco Lavelle |
| 10:15 AM | NOAA Geostationary Satellites: Valuable Data for both Research and Operational Use | Dan Lindsey |
| 3:00 PM | Discovering Mineral Resources with NASA Imaging Spectroscopy | Robert O. Green |
| 3:15 PM | The Importance of Satellite Ocean Observations at NOAA |
Paul Chang |
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