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Read this web article in English here.

Unos ocho minutos después del despegue de Artemis II, la nave espacial Orion y su tripulación —los astronautas de la NASA Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover y Christina Koch, junto con el astronauta de la CSA (Agencia Espacial Canadiense) Jeremy Hansen— llegarán al espacio. Este vuelo de prueba de casi 10 días de duración estará lleno de actividades a medida que los astronautas emprenden un viaje alrededor de la Luna y de regreso a la Tierra, mientras el personal de la misión comprueba los sistemas de Orion durante el recorrido. Aunque los equipos de control de la misión podrían refinar los detalles del programa de actividades de la tripulación cada día en función de las actividades operativas durante el vuelo de prueba, el personal de tierra y la tripulación tienen un plan general para cada día de la misión.

Día de lanzamiento/Día de vuelo 1:

Cuando se apaguen los motores principales del cohete Sistema de Lanzamiento Espacial (SLS, por sus siglas en inglés), Orion y la etapa de propulsión criogénica provisional (ICPS, por su acrónimo en inglés) se separarán del resto del cohete. La ICPS todavía tendrá trabajo por hacer: unos 49 minutos después del lanzamiento, su motor se encenderá para elevar el perigeo, o el punto más bajo de la órbita de una nave espacial, hasta una altitud segura de 160 kilómetros (100 millas) sobre la Tierra. Alrededor de una hora más tarde, cuando Orion alcance ese perigeo, la ICPS volverá a encenderse para continuar elevando la nave espacial a una órbita terrestre alta. Entonces, la tripulación tendrá cerca de 23 horas para llevar a cabo una verificación exhaustiva de los sistemas de Orion mientras aún esté relativamente cerca de la Tierra.

La tripulación comenzará a comprobar sistemas como el dispensador de agua potable —que proporcionará agua potable y rehidratará los alimentos que llevan—, el inodoro y el sistema que elimina el dióxido de carbono del aire. Los astronautas también podrán quitarse los trajes espaciales naranjas que vistieron para el lanzamiento y trabajar con ropa normal. Dedicarán tiempo a reorganizar el interior de Orion para que funcione como un espacio de vivienda y trabajo para cuatro personas flotantes durante los siguientes 10 días.

Unas tres horas después del inicio de la misión, la NASA llevará a cabo pruebas sobre cómo se maneja Orion.

En futuras misiones, Orion se acoplará a otras naves espaciales. Para verificar que Orion haga esto de manera segura, la ICPS será reutilizada como un objetivo de acoplamiento. Se separará de Orion, y la tripulación practicará cómo pilotar su nave espacial en dirección a la ICPS y a su alrededor en una demostración de operaciones de proximidad. Después de esto, la ICPS volverá a encender sus motores para una maniobra orbital de eliminación que la enviará hacia el océano Pacífico, y Orion continuará en su órbita terrestre alta.

Después de unas ocho horas y media en el espacio, los astronautas dormirán durante un corto período de tiempo. La tripulación se despertará después de unas cuatro horas para efectuar un encendido adicional de motores que pondrá a Orion en la geometría orbital correcta para su maniobra orbital de inyección translunar (TLI, por sus siglas en inglés) en el día de vuelo 2. También aprovechará esta oportunidad para ejecutar una breve comprobación de sus comunicaciones de emergencia con la Red del Espacio Profundo, en el punto más distante de su órbita terrestre alta, lo cual es necesario antes de la TLI.

Después de esto, los astronautas podrán volver a dormir durante otras cuatro horas y media, dando por concluido el día de vuelo 1.

Día de vuelo 2

Wiseman y Glover comenzarán el día instalando y comprobando el dispositivo de ejercicio del volante de inercia de Orion antes de hacer sus primeros entrenamientos físicos de la misión. Koch y Hansen tienen programados sus ejercicios para la segunda mitad del día. Los entrenamientos matutinos proporcionarán otra prueba de los sistemas de soporte vital de Orion antes de abandonar la órbita terrestre.

Koch pasará la mañana preparándose para el evento principal del día: la maniobra orbital para la inyección translunar. La TLI es el último gran encendido de motores de la misión Artemis II y pondrá a Orion en rumbo hacia la Luna. Y dado que Orion empleará una trayectoria de regreso libre para dar la vuelta alrededor del lado lejano de la Luna, el encendido de motores de la TLI también pondrá a Orion en rumbo para regresar a la Tierra en el día de vuelo 10.

Koch configurará el sistema de Orion para ejecutar la maniobra orbital, la cual será realizada por el motor principal de Orion en el Módulo de Servicio Europeo de la nave espacial. También llamado motor del sistema de maniobra orbital, proporciona hasta 2.722 kilogramos (6.000 libras) de empuje, lo suficiente para acelerar un automóvil de cero a 96,5 km/h (60 mi/h) en unos 2,7 segundos.

Después de la TLI, la tripulación tendrá un día menos atareado, con tiempo reservado para aclimatarse al entorno espacial. Contarán con una oportunidad de participar en una comunicación por video de espacio a tierra, la primera de varias que tendrán lugar a lo largo de la misión. Con excepción del día de vuelo 7 —que será el día libre de la tripulación— y el día de aterrizaje, se espera que tengan una o dos de estas oportunidades cada día de la misión.

Día de vuelo 3

El primero de los tres encendidos más pequeños de motores, denominado corrección de la trayectoria de salida, garantizará que Orion se mantenga encaminada[VGMJ(N1]  para su trayectoria alrededor de la Luna, y tendrá lugar el día de vuelo 3. Por la mañana, Hansen se preparará para esta maniobra orbital, la cual está programada para poco después de la comida del mediodía de la tripulación.

El resto del día incluirá diversas comprobaciones y demostraciones. Glover, Koch y Hansen harán una demostración de los procedimientos de reanimación cardiopulmonar en el espacio; Wiseman y Glover revisarán parte del kit médico de Orion, que incluye un termómetro, un monitor de presión arterial, un estetoscopio y un otoscopio.

Koch tiene tiempo reservado en la segunda mitad del día para poner a prueba el sistema de comunicaciones de emergencia de Orion con la Red del Espacio Profundo. Toda la tripulación se reunirá para ensayar la coreografía para el trabajo de observaciones científicas que harán el día de vuelo 6, cuando Orion se acerque más a la Luna.

Día de vuelo 4

Una segunda maniobra orbital de corrección de la trayectoria de salida en el día de vuelo 4 continuará refinando la trayectoria de Orion a la Luna mientras la tripulación perfecciona algunos de sus propios preparativos. Cada astronauta dedicará una hora a revisar los objetivos geográficos de los que se les pedirá que obtengan imágenes el día de vuelo 6. Dado que esos objetivos variarán según la hora y el día del lanzamiento final de la tripulación, esto sirve como una oportunidad para estudiar exactamente lo que observarán a medida que se acerquen a la superficie lunar. Aunque es probable que tomen fotografías y videos desde las ventanas de Orion a menudo, el día de vuelo 4 tiene 20 minutos en el programa dedicados específicamente a tomar fotos de cuerpos celestes desde las ventanas de la nave.

Día de vuelo 5

Orion entrará en la esfera de influencia lunar el día de vuelo 5, marcando el punto en el que la atracción de la gravedad de la Luna se volverá más fuerte que la atracción de la gravedad de la Tierra.

Mientras ingresan en las cercanías de la Luna, la tripulación tendrá un día completo, y dedicarán la mañana casi en su totalidad a llevar a cabo las pruebas de sus trajes espaciales. Oficialmente conocidos como sistema de supervivencia de la tripulación de Orion, los trajes naranjas protegen a la tripulación durante el lanzamiento y el reingreso, pero también podrían usarse en caso de emergencia para proporcionar a cada miembro de la tripulación que tenga puesto este traje una atmósfera respirable durante un máximo de seis días en el caso de que Orion se despresurizara. Al ser los primeros astronautas en usar estos nuevos trajes en el espacio, la tripulación de Artemis II pondrá a prueba su capacidad para ponerse rápidamente los trajes y presurizarlos; instalar sus asientos y sentarse en ellos con los trajes puestos; comer y beber a través de un puerto situado en el casco de los trajes espaciales, y otras funciones.

Durante la tarde de la tripulación, se llevará a cabo la maniobra orbital final de corrección de la trayectoria de salida, antes del sobrevuelo lunar de Orion en el día de vuelo 6.

Día de vuelo 6

La tripulación de Artemis II llegará a su punto más cercano a la Luna en el día de vuelo 6, mientras viaja hasta su punto más alejado de la Tierra. Dependiendo de cuál sea el día de lanzamiento, Artemis II podría establecer un récord de la distancia máxima que un ser humano haya viajado desde la Tierra, para romper el récord actual de 400.171 kilómetros (248.655 millas) de distancia, establecido en 1970 por la tripulación del Apolo 13. La distancia que recorrerá la tripulación de Artemis II dependerá del día y la hora exactos de su lanzamiento.

A lo largo del día, la tripulación se encontrará a una distancia de entre 6.400 y 9.700 km (entre 4.000 y 6.000 millas) de la superficie lunar mientras dan la vuelta alrededor del lado lejano de la Luna. Esta debería verse para ellos del tamaño de una pelota de baloncesto sostenida con el brazo extendido. Dedicarán la mayoría del día a tomar fotografías y videos de la Luna y a grabar sus observaciones, ya que se convertirán en los primeros seres humanos en ver con sus propios ojos algunas partes de la Luna.

Debido a que el ángulo del Sol sobre la Luna cambia casi un grado cada dos horas, la tripulación no sabrá qué condiciones de iluminación les esperan en la superficie lunar hasta el momento del lanzamiento. Si el Sol está alto en el cielo lunar durante el sobrevuelo, habrá pocas sombras y la tripulación buscará variaciones sutiles en el color y la corrección de la superficie. Si el Sol está más bajo en el horizonte, se extenderán largas sombras por la superficie, realzando el relieve y revelando las profundidades, las crestas, las pendientes, y los bordes de los cráteres que a menudo son difíciles de detectar con una iluminación plena. Si el Sol está arriba desde la perspectiva de Orion —como al mediodía en la Tierra—, las sombras serán pocas o inexistentes, creando condiciones de iluminación ideales para obtener imágenes cercanas de características lunares específicas.

La tripulación grabará sus observaciones en tiempo real, mientras toman fotografías y videos, incluso cuando pierdan la comunicación con la Tierra durante 30 a 50 minutos mientras pasen detrás de la Luna. De esa manera, sus observaciones se podrán vincular más tarde con las imágenes exactas que hayan obtenido.

Día de vuelo 7

Orion saldrá de la esfera de influencia lunar en la mañana del día de vuelo 7. Antes de que la tripulación de Artemis II se aleje demasiado de la Luna, los científicos en tierra, ansiosos por saber de ellos mientras la experiencia aún está fresca en sus mentes, tendrán tiempo para hablar con la tripulación.

En la segunda mitad del día de la tripulación, el motor de Orion volverá a encenderse para la primera de las tres maniobras orbitales de corrección de la trayectoria de regreso que ajustarán la trayectoria de Orion hacia la Tierra.

La tripulación tendrá libre gran parte del resto del día, lo que les dará la oportunidad de descansar antes de retomar sus tareas finales previas a su regreso a la Tierra.

Día de vuelo 8

Las actividades principales para el día de vuelo 8 incluyen dos demostraciones de Orion.

Primero, la tripulación evaluará su capacidad para protegerse de eventos de gran radiación como las erupciones solares. Utilizarán los suministros y equipamientos de Orion para construir un refugio y cubrirse si fuera necesario. La radiación será una preocupación constante conforme los seres humanos se aventuren en el espacio profundo, y se llevarán a cabo diferentes experimentos con el fin de recopilar datos sobre los niveles de radiación dentro de Orion.

Al final del día, la tripulación hará una prueba de la capacidad de pilotaje manual de Orion conduciendo la nave espacial a través de una serie de tareas. Centrarán un objetivo elegido desde las ventanas de Orion, pasarán a una posición orientada de cola al Sol y efectuarán maniobras de orientación con relación al plano de vuelo comparando los modos de seis grados de libertad y tres grados de libertad de control de orientación de la nave.

Día de vuelo 9

El último día completo de Artemis II en el espacio comenzará con los preparativos para su regreso a la Tierra. La tripulación tendrá tiempo reservado para estudiar sus procedimientos de reingreso y amerizaje, y para hablar con el personal de control de vuelo. Otra maniobra orbital de corrección de la trayectoria de regreso garantizará que la nave espacial permanezca encaminada para ese regreso.

La tripulación completará otras demostraciones para cubrir su lista de tareas pendientes: sistemas de recolección de desechos en caso de que el inodoro de Orion no funcione correctamente y comprobaciones del ajuste de las prendas de vestir para combatir la intolerancia ortostática. La intolerancia ortostática —la cual puede causar síntomas como mareos y aturdimiento al estar de pie— es una posibilidad para los astronautas cuando regresan a la Tierra y sus cuerpos deben readaptarse a la fuerza de la gravedad sobre su suministro de sangre. Las prendas de compresión, que se usan debajo de los trajes espaciales, pueden aliviar estos síntomas.

Los miembros de la tripulación se probarán las prendas, tomarán medidas de su circunferencia corporal y completarán un cuestionario sobre cómo les quedan[VGMJ(N2]  y qué tan fácil es ponerse y quitarse esta ropa.

Día de vuelo 10

El último día de la misión Artemis II está centrado en traer a la tripulación a salvo de regreso a la Tierra. Una última maniobra orbital de corrección de la trayectoria de regreso garantizará que Orion esté en la trayectoria correcta para el amerizaje. Además, la tripulación regresará la cabina a su configuración original —con el equipamiento guardado y los asientos en su lugar— y volverá a ponerse sus trajes espaciales.

El módulo de la tripulación se separará del módulo de servicio, cuyos motores los han conducido alrededor de la Luna y de regreso a la Tierra. Esto expondrá el escudo térmico del módulo de la tripulación, el cual protegerá a la nave espacial y a la tripulación a medida que regresan atravesando la atmósfera terrestre con temperaturas de hasta unos 1.650 grados Celsius (3.000 grados Fahrenheit). Una vez que hayan superado con seguridad el calor del reingreso, la cubierta que protegía la bahía delantera de la nave espacial será desechada para dar paso al despliegue de una serie de paracaídas: dos paracaídas de frenado que reducirán la velocidad de la cápsula hasta unos 494 kilómetros por hora (307 millas por hora), seguidos por tres paracaídas piloto que desplegarán los últimos tres paracaídas principales. Estos reducirán la velocidad de Orion hasta casi 27 km/h (17 mi/h) para el amerizaje en el océano Pacífico, donde estará esperando el personal de la NASA y la Marina de Estados Unidos, concluyendo así la misión Artemis II.

About eight minutes after Artemis II lifts off, the Orion spacecraft and its crew, NASA astronauts Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, along with CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen, will be in space. The approximately 10-day test flight will be packed with activity as the astronauts venture around the Moon and back, with teams checking out Orion’s systems along the way. While teams in mission control could refine the crew’s schedule each day based on operational activities during the test flight, ground teams and the crew have a general plan for each day of the mission.

Launch Day/Flight Day 1:

Once the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket’s main engines cutoff, Orion and the interim cryogenic propulsion stage (ICPS) separate from the rest of rocket. The ICPS still has work to do – about 49 minutes after launch, its engine will fire to raise the perigee, or lowest point of a spacecraft’s orbit, to a safe altitude of 100 miles above Earth. About an hour later, when Orion reaches that perigee, the ICPS will fire again to continue raising the spacecraft into a high-Earth orbit. The crew will then have about 23 hours to do a thorough checkout of Orion’s systems while still relatively close to home.

The crew will start testing systems like the potable water dispenser that will provide drinking water and rehydrate the food they brought along, the toilet, and the system that removes carbon dioxide from the air. The crewmates also can take off the orange spacesuits worn for launch and work in regular clothing. They’ll spend time rearranging Orion’s interior to function as a living and workspace for four floating people over the next 10 days.

About three hours into the mission, NASA will test how Orion handles.

On future missions, Orion will dock with other spacecraft. To verify Orion will do so safely, the ICPS will be repurposed as a docking target. It will separate from Orion, and the crew will practice flying their spacecraft toward and around it in a proximity operations demonstration. Afterward, the ICPS will fire its engines again for a disposal burn that will send it into the Pacific Ocean, and Orion will continue its high Earth orbit.

After about eight-and-a-half hours in space, the astronauts will sleep for a short period. The four astronauts will be awakened after about four hours to perform an additional engine firing that will put Orion into the correct orbital geometry for its translunar injection (TLI) burn on flight day 2. They’ll also take the opportunity to perform a brief check out their emergency communications on the Deep Space Network, at the most-distant point of their high Earth orbit, which is necessary before the TLI.

After this, they’ll be able to go back to sleep for another four-and-a-half hours, wrapping up flight day 1.

Flight Day 2

Wiseman and Glover will begin their day setting up and checking out Orion’s flywheel exercise device before getting in their first workouts of the mission. Koch and Hansen have exercise scheduled for the second half of the day. The morning workouts will provide another test of Orion’s life support systems before leaving Earth orbit.

Koch will spend her morning preparing for the main event of the day – the translunar injection burn. The TLI is the last major engine firing of the Artemis II mission and will set Orion on the path to the Moon. And since Orion is using a free-return trajectory to swing around the far side of the Moon, the TLI engine firing also puts Orion on the path to return to Earth on flight day 10.

Koch will set up Orion’s system to perform the burn, done by Orion’s main engine on the spacecraft’s European Service Module. Also called the orbital maneuvering system engine, it provides up to 6,000 pounds of thrust – enough to accelerate a car from 0 to 60 mph in about 2.7 seconds.

Following TLI, the crew has a lighter day of activity, with time set aside to acclimate to the space environment. They’ll have an opportunity to participate in a space to ground video communication – the first of several that will take place throughout the mission. With the exception of flight day 7 – the crew’s off-duty day – and landing day, they are expected to have one or two of these opportunities each day of the mission.

Flight Day 3

The first of three smaller engine firings, called the outbound trajectory correction, will ensure Orion is staying on target for its path around the Moon and will take place on flight day 3. Hansen will prepare for the burn in the morning, which is scheduled to happen shortly after the crew’s midday meal.

The rest of the day will include a variety of checkouts and demonstrations. Glover, Koch, and Hansen will demonstrate CPR procedures in space; Wiseman and Glover will checkout some of Orion’s medical kit, including the thermometer, blood pressure monitor, stethoscope, and otoscope.

Koch has time set aside in the second half of the day to test Orion’s emergency communications system on the Deep Space Network. The entire crew will come together to rehearse the choreography for the scientific observation work they’ll do on flight day 6, when Orion comes the closest to the Moon.

Flight Day 4

A second outbound trajectory correction burn on flight day 4 will continue to refine Orion’s path to the Moon as the crew perfects some of their own preparations. They’ll each have an hour devoted to reviewing the geography targets they’ll be asked to get imagery of on flight day 6. Since those will vary depending on the crew’s final launch time and day, this serves as an opportunity to study exactly what they’ll be looking for as they draw close to the lunar surface. Although they will likely take photos and video out of Orion’s windows often, flight day 4 has 20 minutes on the schedule specifically dedicated to taking photos of celestial bodies from Orion’s windows.

Flight Day 5

Orion will enter the lunar sphere of influence on flight day 5, marking the point at which the pull of the Moon’s gravity will become stronger than the pull of the Earth’s gravity.

As they enter the Moon’s neighborhood, the crew will have a full day, with the morning almost entirely devoted to tests of their spacesuits. Officially called the Orion crew survival system, the orange suits protect the crew during launch and reentry, but also could be used in an emergency to provide the crew member wearing it with a breathable atmosphere for up to six days if Orion depressurized. As the first astronauts to wear the new suits in space, the Artemis II crew will be testing their ability to quickly put the suits on and pressurize them; install their seats and get into them while wearing the suits; eat and drink through a port on the spacesuits’ helmet; and other functions.

During the crew’s afternoon, the final outbound trajectory correction burn will take place before Orion’s lunar flyby on flight day 6.

Flight Day 6

The Artemis II crew will come their closest to the Moon on flight day 6, while traveling the farthest from Earth. Artemis II could set a record for the farthest anyone has traveled from Earth depending on launch day, breaking the current record – 248,655 miles away – set in 1970 by the Apollo 13 crew. The distance the Artemis II crew will travel depends on their exact launch day and time.

Over the course of the day, the crew will come within 4,000 to 6,000 miles of the lunar surface as they swing around the far side of the Moon – it should look to them about the size of a basketball held at arm’s length. They will devote the majority of their day to taking photos and videos of the Moon, and recording their observations as they become the first to see some parts of the Moon with their own eyes.

Because the Sun’s angle on the Moon changes by about one degree every two hours, the crew won’t be sure what lighting conditions to expect on the lunar surface until they launch. If the Sun is high in the lunar sky during the flyby, there will be few shadows, and the crew will be looking for subtle variations in surface color and rightness. If the Sun is lower on the horizon, long shadows will stretch across the surface, enhancing relief and revealing depth, ridges, slopes, and crater rims that are often difficult to detect under full illumination. If the Sun is overhead from Orion’s perspective – like noon on Earth – shadows will be few to nonexistent, creating ideal lighting conditions for close-up imaging of specific lunar features.

The crew will record their observations in real time, as they take photos and videos – including when they lose communication with Earth for 30-50 minutes as they pass behind the Moon. That way, their observations can later be linked with the exact images they took.

Flight Day 7

Orion will exit the lunar sphere of influence the morning of flight day 7. Before the Artemis II crew gets too far away from the Moon, scientists on the ground, eager to hear from them while the experience is still fresh in their minds, will have time to speak with the crew.

In the second half of the crew’s day, the Orion engine will fire again for the first of three return trajectory correction burns that will adjust Orion’s path home.

The rest of the day will be largely off-duty for the crew, giving them a chance to rest before jumping back into their final tasks before their return to Earth.

Flight Day 8

The primary activities for flight day 8 include two Orion demonstrations.

First, the crew will assess their ability to protect themselves from high radiation events like solar flares. They’ll use Orion’s supplies and equipment to build a shelter for cover if needed. Radiation will be an ongoing concern as humans venture into deep space, and multiple experiments will be aimed at collecting data on the radiation levels inside Orion.

At the end of the day, the crew will try out Orion’s manual piloting capability by steering the spacecraft through a variety of tasks. They’ll center a chosen target in Orion’s windows, move into a tail-to-Sun attitude, and perform attitude maneuvers comparing the craft’s six-degree-of-freedom and three-degree-of-freedom attitude control modes.

Flight Day 9

Artemis II’s last full day in space will kick off with prep for their return to Earth. The crew has time set aside to study their procedures for reentry and splashdown, and talk with the flight control team. Another return trajectory correction burn will ensure the spacecraft remains on target for that return.

The crew will complete more demonstrations to check off their to-do list: waste collection systems in case the Orion toilet doesn’t function properly and orthostatic intolerance garment fit checks. Orthostatic intolerance – which can cause symptoms such as dizziness and lightheadedness while standing – is a possibility for astronauts when they return to Earth and their bodies must readapt to the pull of gravity on their blood supply. Compression garments, worn under spacesuits, can help.

The crew members will try their garments on, take body circumference measurements, and complete a questionnaire on how it fits, and how easy it is to put on and take off.

Flight Day 10

The last day of the Artemis II mission is focused on getting the crew safely home. A final return trajectory correction burn will ensure Orion is on the right path for splashdown, and the crew will return their cabin to its original set up – with equipment stowed and seats in place – and get back into their spacesuits.

The crew module will separate from the service module, whose engines have steered them around the Moon and back to Earth. This will expose the crew module’s heat shield, which will protect the spacecraft and crew as they make their way back through Earth’s atmosphere and temperatures of up about 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Once safely through the heat of reentry, the cover that protected the spacecraft’s forward bay will be jettisoned to make way for a series of parachutes to deploy – two drogue parachutes that will slow the capsule down to about 307 miles per hour, followed by three pilot parachutes that will pull out the final three main parachutes. These will slow Orion down to approximately 17 mph for a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean, where NASA and U.S. Navy personnel will be waiting for them, concluding the Artemis II mission.

The Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVIS) at NASA Glenn Research Center creates a variety of immersive visualizations and simulations in support of NASA’s missions, projects, and future innovations. These visual tools help scientists, engineers, and researchers develop new solutions that bring their projects to life.

Virtual System Simulations

The GVIS Lab prides itself on creating engaging and informational virtual system simulations for NASA missions. These simulations transform complex engineering concepts into digestible visualizations and immersive experiences, bridging the gap between concept and reality. These simulations bring greater understanding of systems typically hidden from view, such as the inside of an engine or how elements behave inside of a fuel cell.

The GVIS Lab is able to create system simulations in a variety of formats depending on the desires of the customer and the purpose of the simulation. These formats can be take the form of an interactive demo or video and can be in augmented reality, virtual reality, or a 3D model.

“Virtual system simulations empower customers to see and experience capabilities before they’re built, reducing risk, accelerating decision making, and ensuring mission requirements are met with confidence,” says Extended Reality developer Marc Frances. “By translating complex data and concepts into immersive, intuitive experiences using augmented reality, they help customers validate performance, improve training outcomes, and maximize return on investment.”

The above visual system simulation is an exploded view of the High-Efficiency Megawatt Motor (HEMM). The HEMM is a 1.4 megawatt electric machine being developed at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland to improve efficiency in future aircraft with electrified propulsion systems. This virtual reality simulation shows an exploded view of HEMM, allowing for an intricate view of the beautifully designed motor. The simulation showcases how the GVIS Lab takes complex systems and creates comprehendible visual ones. Simulations like these are especially vital for projects in development, such as HEMM. These simulations allow for customers to see their completed projects in ways they could never imagine, years before project completion.

Interactive Experiences

The above visualization is a virtual reality interactive experience of GRX-810, a NASA created super-alloy. This super-alloy dramatically improves the strength and durability of the components and parts used in aviation and space exploration, resulting in better and longer-lasting performance. The magic of GRX-810 lies within its unique chemical composition, a feature which is invisible to the human eye. Comprehending elemental processes can be unintuitive for people outside of chemical and material engineering. But, with the power of virtual reality users are able to come to a deeper understanding of how GRX-810 works along with its benefits. The game-like structure of the visualization leads to an interactive, engaging, and exciting learning experience.

Public Outreach

The GVIS Lab sometimes creates system simulations specifically for public outreach and museum displays. The above simulation is of a non-flow-through fuel cell. The simulation begins with a model of the fuel cell, then zooms into a molecular view of the fuel cell. A fuel cell converts hydrogen into oxygen to create electricity. In the molecular model, users can interact with power, display speed, and change the amount of impurities in the system to see how these variables change the system. This simulation was created for the Great Lakes Science Center, the premier science technology museum in Cleveland, Ohio which hosts over 300,000 visitors annually. Because of this simulation created by the GVIS Lab, thousands of curious minds now have a better understanding of fuel cells and how they create electricity.

Contact Us

Need to reach us? In need of a virtual systems simulation? You can send an email directly to the GVIS Team (GRC-DL-GVIS@mail.nasa.gov).

The Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVIS) at NASA Glenn Research Center creates a variety of immersive visualizations and simulations in support of NASA’s missions, projects, and future innovations. These visual tools help scientists, engineers, and researchers develop new solutions that bring their projects to life.

Conceptual Visual Designs

GVIS creates conceptual visual designs for proposed NASA missions and missions currently in development or being researched. These designs are used to communicate desired project outcomes, demonstrate upcoming engineering developments, showcase projects under construction, and serve as accessible education tools for the general public. GVIS has created conceptual designs for a wide variety of NASA projects: from spacecraft, aircraft, power and propulsion, to missions support systems.

The above image is a cutaway of the inside of the Hybrid Thermally Efficient Core (HyTEC) design. The HyTEC project is developing small core turbofan engine technologies to enable fuel burn reduction and increased electrical power extraction from the engine. Visualizations such as HyTEC allow for a “look inside” engines, aircraft, and facilities that would typically be hidden from view. These kinds visualization brings NASA innovations to life in easy to understand formats and visuals.

Proposed Missions

The GVIS Lab creates visualization support for a variety of missions, from aeronautics to space exploration. Visualizations for missions in the proposal phase or in early development are critical for showcasing the desired outcome of the mission. These visualizations are also critical for technical engagement, as mission development can last months or years. It is useful to have a visual aid to explain the future endeavors of the Agency.

The GVIS Lab helps NASA visualize technology which will shape future. The SUbsonic Single Aft eNgine (SUSAN) Electrofan is a concept for sustainable airtravel. It is an advanced hybrid electric concept aircraft, seeking to reduce emission levels by 50% within the next few decades. The GVIS Lab is proud to partner with the SUSAN team at NASA Glenn in creating conceptual visualizations to convey state-of-the-art designs.

The GVIS Lab is known for creating virtual and augmented reality designs. The upcoming Lunar Gateway project features the Power & Propulsion Element (PPE), seen here as a dark gray box with thrusters and solar panels attached. To see this visualization, users wear an augmented reality headset and can see Lunar Gateway in their environment. With augmented reality, users are able to experience the true life size and detail of Gateway like never before.

Demonstrations such as these are not only designed to educate the public on NASA’s upcoming missions, but are also impactful to the mission developers themselves. “This model resonated so deeply for me after seeing a full scale PPE for the first time (ever),” said PPE Deputy Project Planning and Control Lead Phuong Marangoni. “I’ve seen a lot of PPE assembly progress photos in the past year but have never seen it in person to fully appreciate the scale. This augmented reality view truly helped bridge that experience gap, and I didn’t have to leave Cleveland for it!”

Out of this World Visualizations

Conceptual visualizations are fundamental for conveying future space initiatives. Sometimes, space missions are visiting places in the Solar System which have never been explored before. The above visualization is of a proposed submarine exploring the seas of Titan, a moon of Saturn. Titan’s atmosphere, seas, and environment are all extremely different from Earth, making a visualization vital for understanding the purpose and design of the mission. These visuals make otherworldly scenarios a reality and are crucial for mission development.

Contact Us

Need to reach us? In need of a conceptual visualization? You can send an email directly to the GVIS Team (GRC-DL-GVIS@mail.nasa.gov).

The Graphics and Visualization Lab (GVIS) at NASA Glenn Research Center creates a variety of immersive visualizations and simulations in support of NASA’s missions, projects, and future innovations. These visual tools help scientists, engineers, and researchers develop new solutions that bring their projects to life.

Scientific Visualizations

GVIS creates scientific visualizations to explain complex scientific systems which are typically impossible to see with the naked eye. These visualizations can be for large systems such as engines and storage tanks and add useful supplementary information as to how the system functions. Scientific visualizations can display information on large and microscopic scales, providing powerful insight to the inner workings of mechanical systems.

Above is a visualization of the Zero Boil-Off Tank (ZBOT), a long term propellant storage tank developed by NASA. Spacecraft fuels are volitaile cryogenic liquid propellants which must be maintained at extremely low temperatures and also must be guarded from environmental heat leaks into the spacecraft’s propellant tank. The featured visualization is an example of many experiments done on the ZBOT to investigate the best storage method for cryogenic liquid propellants. This visualizations shows the viewer the inner workings of the propellants inside the tank, bringing the experiment to life.

Turbomachinery visualizations, such as those seen above, offer a visual representation of energy transfer. These representations of engines are vital tools in reducing the time and expense required to test and manufacture aircraft.

Scientific visualizations are indispensable educational tools. Visual forms of scientific concepts are easy to share, eliminate scientific jargon, used as supplements in lessons, and can be modified for different audiences. The barrier between scientific concepts and understanding are broke through the artistry of scientific visualizations.

Scientific Immersion

The above visualization is of the High-Efficiency Megawatt Motor (HEMM). HEMM is a 1.4 megawatt electric machine being developed at NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland to improve efficiency in future aircraft with electrified propulsion systems.

Many scientific visualizations, such as the magnetic flux demonstration of the HEMM motor, are created for the GRUVE Lab. GRUVE, or the Glenn Reconfigurable User-Interface and Virtual Reality Exploration Lab, hosts the CAVE, a fully immersive, virtual, 3D environment. When in the CAVE users wear tracking active-shutter glasses, which ensures that models and simulations remain proportional and in-line with the user. This personalized experience allows for greater understanding and implementation of scientific systems.

You can learn more about GRUVE Lab by clicking here.

Contact Us

Need to reach us? In need of a scientific visualization? You can send an email directly to the GVIS Team (GRC-DL-GVIS@mail.nasa.gov).

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