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North-central Pennsylvania is canyon country with an Appalachian flair. Pine Creek Gorge reaches depths of about 1,500 feet (460 meters) along its gently curving path through the forests of the Allegheny Plateau. Instead of the steep rock walls characteristic of canyons in the desert Southwest, lushly vegetated slopes outline the dramatic topography. In autumn, greens give way to a palette of reds and golds sought out by leaf peepers.

Nicknamed the “Grand Canyon of Pennsylvania,” the gorge runs for some 45 miles (72 kilometers) from Ansonia south to Pine Creek’s confluence with the West Branch Susquehanna River, reaching its greatest depths around Waterville. The OLI (Operational Land Imager) on the NASA-USGS Landsat 8 satellite captured this image of Pine Creek Gorge on October 25, 2026, when colorful fall foliage was on display.

Glaciers played a key role in the canyon’s formation, though ice itself did not carve it. Pine Creek once flowed to the north, opposite of what it does today. As glaciers advanced into the region from the northeast during the last ice age, they dammed the river and filled the valley with lakes. Those lakes eventually overflowed, sending water streaming to the south.

When the ice receded, Pine Creek was already becoming entrenched in its southward course. Rocks and sand left behind by the melting ice further prevented the water from turning back north. Glacial meltwater continued to rush through the valley, deepening and shaping it into its current form.

Today, the hillsides around the gorge are blanketed in northern hardwood and mixed oak forest, sprinkled with hemlock and white pine. In autumn, the deciduous trees impart red and gold hues to the landscape akin to the rock of the famous Arizona canyon.

October 9

October 25

October 9October 25

October 9

October 25

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Image Details

Foliage in the northern hardwood and oak forests around Pennsylvania’s Pine Creek Gorge takes on fall color between October 9, 2026 (left), and October 25, 2026 (right). The images were acquired with the OLI (Operational Land Imager) on Landsat 8. NASA Earth Observatory images by Michala Garrison.

This seasonal change around Pine Creek Gorge has not always been so visually pleasing. With increasing demand for wood products in early 19th-century America, loggers found their way to the area’s stately trees. At the time, white pine and hemlock several feet in diameter and towering hardwoods populated the slopes around Pine Creek Gorge. The pines were especially valued for making ship masts, and hemlock bark was used to tan leather. Before railroads, logs were floated down Pine Creek to the Susquehanna in massive drives. By the early 20th century, decades of logging left the land so barren that the area earned the moniker “Pennsylvania Desert.”

The forest has since returned, and with it, wild inhabitants such as black bears, coyotes, bobcats, timber rattlesnakes, and a diversity of songbirds. In 1968, an area of 30,000 acres (12,000 hectares) was designated a National Natural Landmark. Visitors can experience the gorge’s natural splendor at many points along its path, including from multiple state parks and the Pine Creek Rail Trail.

NASA Earth Observatory images by Michala Garrison, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey. Photo by fishhawk, via Flickr. Story by Lindsey Doermann.

Downloads

October 9, 2026

JPEG (15.28 MB)

October 25, 2026

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References & Resources

• Lumber Heritage Region, The Lumber Era of Pine Creek Gorge. Accessed October 30, 2026.
• NASA Earth Observatory (2026, October 26) Hunting Red Leaves With Satellites. Accessed October 30, 2026.
• Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (2026, October 22) 2026 Fall Foliage Report: Week of October 22-28. Accessed October 30, 2026.
• Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Pine Creek Gorge Natural Area. Accessed October 30, 2026.
• Pennsylvania Geological Survey (2016) Pine Creek Gorge (PA Grand Canyon), Tioga and Lycoming Counties. Accessed October 30, 2026.

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America’s newest aerospace expo and air show – MAX POWER – is fast approaching, and NASA has announced key events beginning Friday, Nov. 6, and running through Sunday, Nov. 8, hosted on and near the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Through multiple park experiences at MAX POWER, NASA and a variety of external collaborators will showcase the newest aircraft, autonomous vehicles, technologies, and more defining the future of air and space. NASA will display its quiet supersonic X-59 plane, and agency partners will showcase Moon rovers, spacecraft, and more. The expo also is a culmination of the agency’s recent Inspiration Tour, which included numerous flyovers to highlight NASA’s fleet of aircraft.

A current schedule of events is available on the agency’s website.

MAX POWER includes opportunities to meet leadership, astronauts, engineers, scientists, and other subject matter experts during the family-friendly public events with gates opening at 9 a.m. EST on Nov. 7 and Nov. 8.

NASA also will share multiple news updates during the weekend, including hosting a news conference at 5 p.m. on Nov. 7, to provide its latest Moon Base update. Located near the lunar South Pole, the Moon Base is humanity’s first outpost for long-term lunar exploration.

Live coverage of the news conference will stream on a variety of platforms online. Learn where to watch:

https://www.nasa.gov/live

Join NASA for Key Events

Media credentialing for this event is closed. Media approved for this event must request interviews in advance. Space in the news conference is limited, and first come, first served. Media also may participate in the news conference virtually. To request call details or an interview, please contact Lauren Low in the NASA Headquarters newsroom at: lauren.e.low@nasa.gov.

A short list of key NASA activities during MAX POWER are listed below. All times are listed in Eastern Standard Time, and are subject to change.

Friday, Nov. 6:

• 2 p.m., to 4 p.m.: Media one-on-one opportunities to preview weekend MAX POWER activities
  • Location: NASA Press Site

Saturday, Nov. 7:

• 10 a.m.: Nuclear NASA media gaggle
  • Location: UP.Summit Main Stage
  • Cynthia Simmons, director, Space Reactors Division

• 11:30 a.m.: Opening air show remarks featuring NASA Deputy Administrator Matt Anderson
  • Location: Air Dot Show Main Stage

• 11:58 a.m.: F-5 flyover in the Air Dot Show featuring NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman

• 12:45 p.m.: Meet the Astronauts: NASA’s Artemis III Crew
  • Location: Air Dot Show Main Stage
  • Participants include:
    • NASA astronaut Randy Bresnik (mission commander)
    • ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Luca Parmitano (pilot)
    • NASA astronaut Frank Rubio (mission specialist)
    • NASA astronaut Bob Hines, backup crew member
  • NASA will host a media gaggle with crew immediately following this event.

• 1:31 p.m.: MiG-29 flyover featuring Isaacman

• 2 p.m.: Learn about NASA’s Roman Space Telescope
  • Location: Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex (Journey to Mars Theater)
  • Participant:
    • Remarks by Julie McEnery, senior project scientist, Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, NASA Goddard

• 5 p.m. Moon Base News Conference
  • Location: Press Site AuditoriumParticipants:
    • NASA Administrator Jared IsaacmanCarlos García-Galán, manager, Moon Base ProgramNicky Fox, associate administrator for Science, NASA HeadquartersDayna Ise, acting director, Utility and Infrastructure Office, Moon Base Program
  • NASA subject matter experts will be available for one-on-one interviews following this announcement.

Sunday, Nov. 8

• 9 a.m. NASA’s X-59 media gaggle
  • Location: UP.Summit Exhibit Area
  • Participants:
    • Laurie Grindle, director, NASA Aeronautics Division
    • Peter Coen, NASA Quesst mission manager, NASA Langley
    • Jim “Clue” Less, test pilot, X-59, NASA Armstrong

• 10 a.m.: Student challenge announcement
  • Location: Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex, Rocket Garden
  • Participants:
    • NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman
    • Carlos García-Galán, manager, Moon Base Program
  • NASA experts may be available for interviews at this location. Media interested in attending must contact Lauren Low by 5 p.m. on Thursday, Nov. 5, at: lauren.e.low@nasa.gov.

• 11:58 a.m.: F-5 flyover in the Air Dot Show featuring Isaacman

• 12:45 p.m.: United States Space Academy
  • Location: UP.Summit Main Stage
  • NASA Deputy Administrator Matt Anderson

• 12:45 p.m.: Meet the Astronauts: NASA’s SpaceX Crew-12
  • Location: Air Dot Show Main Stage
  • Participants:
    • NASA astronaut Jessica Meir
    • NASA astronaut Jack Hathaway

• 1:31 p.m.: MiG-29 flyover featuring Isaacman

For more information about MAX POWER, including the latest schedule of events and how to attend, visit the agency’s website:

https://www.nasa.gov/maxpower

-end-

George Alderman / Cheryl Warner
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1600
george.a.alderman@nasa.gov / cheryl.m.warner@nasa.gov